Australia to Vaccinate Native Birds as H5N1 Spreads

Australia is preparing to vaccinate its most vulnerable native birds against the deadly H5N1 avian influenza, as the virus continues to spread through wild populations. The government announced the rollout on Tuesday, with inoculations expected to begin in the coming days and weeks.

Agriculture Minister Julie Collins said the initial phase will prioritise species held in captivity, with selections based on their susceptibility to the H5 strain and the potential impact on conservation efforts. "We've been very clear that we cannot stop the H5 bird flu from spreading amongst wild birds, but we can take action to protect the species most at risk," Collins told reporters in Canberra.

The move follows a similar initiative in New Zealand, which in July launched a vaccination programme for 300 core breeding birds from five of its most endangered species.

Australia's unique avian population is particularly exposed. Government data indicates that roughly 45% of the country's approximately 850 bird species are endemic, meaning they are found nowhere else on Earth.

The vaccination drive comes after Australia reported its first mass seabird deaths from avian influenza last week. The outbreak began after the virus was detected in migratory seabirds and subsequently spread to native species last month. Australia was the last continent to report bird flu, though the virus was detected in late 2025 on the sub-Antarctic territory of Heard Island.